"5th May" would be the most traditional way to write this date. I have never seen "of" used in a written date, except in extremely archaic constructions such as legal contracts "signed and witnessed this 5th day of May 2012" (Parenthetically, I note that in English law this makes absolutely no difference to validity.
Possibly worth mentioning the commonly accepted - but incorrect - belief that the insertion of Julius and Augustus Caesar's months bumped the 7th-10th months up by two. Especially as the months that were replaced by July and August were 'Quintillis' and 'Sextillis' with obvious links to their 5th and 6th positions in the previous calendar.
In my opinion "starting on" and "till" don't really go together so I wouldn't use option 1. The phrasing "on leave from X till Y" can be misinterpreted to mean that Y will be your first day back at work, so I wouldn't use option 3 without adding " (inclusive)". Also phrasing it as a range from one date to another sounds odd to me when you're talking about only two days in total. Option 2 ...
"on the 5th of November" is practically just removing the word day from the reference. As in "on the 5th (day) of November." It is used everywhere and even though it could be understood a few different ways it is the most correct. "on the 5th November" seems to me to more be dependent on the month and if not year. As in "it's my baby's 5th November" as in, the child is experiencing November ...
grammar - When referring to dates, which form is correct? "on the 5th ...