Hypnotics are medications that improve sleep quality more directly, and among the most common are zolpidem (Ambien), eszopiclone (Lunesta) and zaleplon (Sonata). Hypnotics are a major advance over sedatives because they do not cause physical dependence or impair sleep quality.
Sedative, hypnotic and anxiolytic (SHA) substances include benzodiaz-epines (BZD), z-hypnotics and related medications. The majority of prescription medications used to treat sleep and anxiety disorders fall within the SHA category.
Before prescribing a benzodiazepine or z-hypnotic, explain the risks and have an agreed plan with the individual including information about how to stop the medicine.
Sedative/hypnotic: Barbiturates have been used as mild sedatives to relieve anxiety, nervous tension, and insomnia. However, the use of barbiturates for insomnia is no longer generally accepted, given their adverse effects and potential for tolerance.