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Use LOOKUP, one of the lookup and reference functions, when you need to look in a single row or column and find a value from the same position in a second row or column. For example, let's say you know the part number for an auto part, but you don't know the price.
Here’s an overview of the functions and formulas for different types of lookups in Excel. What Is a Lookup in Excel? A lookup means searching for a specific value within a row or a column in Excel that meets specific criteria. You can look for single or multiple values within a range.
The VLOOKUP function in Excel performs a case-insensitive lookup. For example, the VLOOKUP function below looks up MIA (cell G2) in the leftmost column of the table.
VLOOKUP looks for the lookup value in the leftmost column of the lookup table or table array, aiming to find the matching value. That means whatever you want to return must be located somewhere to the right of the column you’re searching in.
The Excel LOOKUP function performs an approximate match lookup in a one-column or one-row range, and returns the corresponding value from another one-column or one-row range.
VLOOKUP is used to search and retrieve data from a specific column in a table. For example, you can look up the price of a product in a database or find an employee’s name based on their employee ID. Approximate and exact matching is supported, and wildcards (* ?) can be used for partial matches.